Business ·
什么是网络保险?您的企业需要它吗?
网络保险涵盖应对数据泄露或勒索软件攻击的成本——从取证调查到受影响客户的法律索赔——但保险公司在承保之前越来越要求提供基本安全实践的证明。
本文由AI根据下方引用的来源综合生成。
网络保险通常分为两类保障。第一方保障赔付企业在事故发生后自身产生的费用:确定攻击者如何入侵的取证调查、按法律要求通知受影响客户、为这些客户提供信用监控、系统停机期间的营业中断损失、数据恢复,某些保单还包括赎金本身的支付以及谈判人员的费用。第三方保障处理他人对企业提出的索赔——数据被泄露的客户或合作伙伴提起的诉讼,以及与监管调查相关的赔付或和解金(在法律允许承保罚款的情况下)。任何存储客户数据、处理支付或依赖系统持续正常运行的企业都是合理的投保对象,而且网络保险在实践中越来越不是可选项:许多企业客户和供应商合同现在都要求提供保险证明作为业务往来的条件。
获得保单——以及获得合理的保费——越来越取决于可证明的安全实践,而不仅仅是支付保费。保险公司通常会询问远程访问和电子邮件是否启用了多重身份验证、是否定期进行离线或以其他方式与主网络隔离的数据备份、是否有书面的事件响应计划,以及员工是否接受过网络钓鱼培训,如果没有这些基本措施,他们可能拒绝承保或收取高得多的保费。同样值得仔细阅读的是除外条款:许多保单载有“战争除外条款”,可能禁止对归因于民族国家的攻击进行赔付,随着越来越多的事件被与国家支持的组织联系起来,这一领域的争议日益增多,一些保单对赎金支付的保障上限远低于严重勒索软件要求所能达到的金额。基于这些原因,大多数网络安全顾问将网络保险描述为与真正的安全控制措施并存的财务后盾,而非替代品。
Key facts
- First-party cyber insurance coverage pays for the business's own incident-response costs; third-party coverage handles claims from others
- Many enterprise vendor contracts now require proof of cyber insurance as a condition of doing business
- Insurers increasingly require multi-factor authentication, offline backups, an incident response plan and phishing training before writing a policy
- Many policies carry a “war exclusion” that can deny payouts for attacks attributed to nation-states
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